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	Waldman, R., N. Br\"uggemann, A. Bosse, M. A. Spall, S. Somot, F. Sevault, 2018:Overturning the Mediterranean thermohaline circulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078502
	Nieves, D. and M. A. Spall, 2018:Propagation of North Atlantic Deep Water anomalies J. Phys. Oceanogr., 48, 1831-1848. DOI:10.1175/JPO-D-18-0068.
	Jensen, M. F., K. H. Nisancioglu, M. A. Spall, 2018: Large Changes in Sea Ice Triggered by Small Changes in Atlantic Water Temperature J. Climate, 31,4847-4863. DOI:10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0802.1
	Katsman, C. A., S. S. Drijfhout, H. A. Dijkstra, M. A. Spall, 2018:Sinking of dense North Atlantic waters in a global ocean model: Locations and controls. J. Geophys. Res., 123, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JC013329
	Spall, M. A., J. Pedlosky, 2018: Shelf-Open Ocean exchange forced by wind jets. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 48, 163-174, DOI:10.1175/JPO-D-17-0161.1.
	Spall, M. A., R. H. Jackson, F. Straneo, 2017: Katabatic wind-driven exchange in fjords. J. Geophys. Res., 122, 8246-8262, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013026.
	Liang, X., M. A. Spall, C. Wunsch, 2017: Global ocean vertical velocities from a dynamically consistent ocean state estimate. J. Geophys. Res., 122,8202-8224, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC012985.
	Pickart, R. S., M. A. Spall, D. J. Torres, K. Våge, H. Valdimarsson, C. Nobre, G. W. K. Moore, S. Jonsson, and D. Mastropole, 2017: The North Icelandic Jet and its relationship to the North Icelandic Irminger Current. J. Mar. Res., 75,605-639.
	Spall, M. A., J. Pedlosky, C. Cenedese, 2017: Circulation Induced by Isolated Dense Water Formation over Closed Topographic Contours. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 47, 2251-2265.
	Manucharyan, G. E., A. F. Thompson, M. A. Spall, 2017: Eddy-Memory Mode of Multidecadal Variability in Residual-Mean Ocean Circulations with Application to the Beaufort Gyre. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 47, 855-866.
	Spall, M. A., 2016: Wind-driven flow over topography. J. Mar. Res., 74, 229-248.
	Spall, M. A., and N. Schneider, 2016: Coupled ocean-atmosphere offshore decay scale of cold SST signals along upwelling eastern boundaries. J. Climate., 29, 8317-8331.
	Spall, M. A., and L. N. Thomas, 2016: Downfront winds over buoyant coastal plumes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 46, 3139-3154.
	Manucharyan, M. A. Spall, and A. F. Thompson, 2016: A theory of the wind-driven Beaufort Gyre variability. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 46, 3263-3278.
	Manucharyan, G and M. A. Spall, 2015: Wind-driven freshwater buildup and release in the Beaufort Gyre constrained by mesoscale eddies. Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, doi:10.1002/2015GL065957.
	Pisareva, M. N., R. S. Pickart, M. A. Spall, C. Nobre, D. J. Torres, G. W. K. Moore, and T. E. Witledge, 2015: Flow of Pacific Water in the western Chukchi Sea: Results from the 2009 RUSALCA Expedition. Deep Sea Res. I., 105, 53-73.
	Spall, M. A., 2015: Thermally forced transients in the thermohaline circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr.,45, 2820-2835.
	Pedlosky, J., and M. A. Spall, 2015: The interaction of an eastward flowing current and an island: Sub- and Supercritical flow. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 45, 2806-2819.
	Yasuda, Y, and M. A. Spall, 2015: Influences of time-dependent precipitation on water mass transformation, heat fluxes, and deep convection in marginal seas. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 45, 1822-1842.
	Spall, M. A., 2014: Some influences of remote topography on western boundary currents. J. Mar. Res., 72, 73-94.
	Spall, M. A., R. S. Pickart, E. T. Brugler, G. W. K. Moore, L. Thomas. K. R. Arrigo, 2014: Role of shelfbreak upwelling in the formation of a massive under-ice bloom in the Chukchi Sea. Deep Sea Res. II, 105, 17-29.
	Spall, M. A., 2013: On the circulation of Atlantic Water in the Arctic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 43, 2352-2371.
	Vage K. J., R. S. Pickart, M. A. Spall, G.W.K. Moore, H. Valdimarsson, D. J. Torres, S. Y. Erofeev, J. E. Ø. Nilsen, 2013: Revised circulation scheme north of the Denmark Strait. Deep Sea Res., 79, 20-39.
	Spall, M. A., 2013: Dense water formation around islands. J. Geophys. Res., 118, 2507-2519.
	Wang, J., M. A. Spall, G. R. Flierl, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, 2013: Nonlinear radiating instability of a barotropic eastern boundary current. J. Phys. Oceanogr.,, 43,1439-1452.
	Spall, M. A., and J. Pedlosky, 2013: Interaction of Ekman layers and islands. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 43, 1028-1041.
	Pickart, R. S., M. A. Spall, J. T. Mathis, 2013: Dynamics of upwelling in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea and associated shelf-basin fluxes. Deep Sea Res., 76, 35-51.
	J. Wang, M. A. Spall, G. R. Flierl, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, 2012: A new mechanism for the generation of quasi-zonal jets in the ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., doi:10./1029/2012GL051861.
	Spall, M. A., 2012:Influences of precipitation on water mass transformation and deep convection. J. Phys. Oceanogr, 42, 1684-1700.
	Pedlosky, J., R. Iacono, E. Napolitano, M. A. Spall, 2011: The two-layer skirted island. J. Mar. Res,69, 347-382.
	Vage, K., R. S. Pickart, M. A. Spall, H. Valdimarsson, S. Jonsson, D. J. Torres, S. Osterhus, T. Eldevik, 2011: Formation of Denmark Strait overflow water via boundary currents and transformation in the central Iceland Sea, Nature Geosciences,DOI:10.1038/NGEO1234
	Spall, M. A., 2011:On the role of eddies and surface forcing in the heat transport and overturning circulation in marginals seas. J. Climate, 24, 4844-4858.
	Pickart, R. S., M. A. Spall, G. W. K. Moore, T. J. Weingartner, R. A. Woodgate, K. Aagaard, K. Shimada, 2011: Upwelling in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea: Atmospheric forcing and local versus non-local response. Prog. Oceanogr., 88, 78-100.
	Hristova, H., H. Dijkstra, M. A. Spall, 2010: Onset of time-dependence in a double-gyre circulation: Barotropic basin modes versus classical baroclinic modes. J. Mar. Res., 68,215-236
	Spall, M. A., 2010: Dynamics of downwelling in an eddy-resolving convective basin. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40,2341-2347
	Spall, M. A., 2010: Non-local topographic influences on deep convection: An idealized model for the Nordic Seas. Ocean Modell., 32, 72-85, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2009.10.009
	Deshayes, J., F. Straneo, M. A. Spall, 2009: Mechanisms of variability in a convective basin J. Mar. Res., 31, 273-303.
	Durland, T. S., J. Pedlosky, M. A. Spall, 2009: Response to a steady poleward outflow, part I: The linear quasigeostrophic problem J. Phys. Oceanogr., 39, 1541-1550
	Durland, T. S., M. A. Spall, J. Pedlosky, 2009: Response to a steady poleward outflow, part II: Oscillations and eddies J. Phys. Oceanogr., 39,1551-1573
	Spall, M. A., 2008: Buoyancy-forced downwelling in boundary currents. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38, 2704-2721
	Spall, M. A., 2008: Low-frequency interaction between horizontal and overturning gyres in the ocean Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L18614, doi:10.1029/2008GL035206
	Iovino, D, F. Straneo, M. A. Spall, 2008: On the effect of a sill on dense water formation in a marginal sea. J. Mar. Res., 66, 325-345.
	Pratt, L. J., and M. A. Spall, 2008: Circulation and exchange in choked marginal seas J. Phys. Oceanogr.., 38, 2639-2661
	Hristova, H, J. Pedlosky, and M. A. Spall, 2008: Radiating instability of a meridional boundary current. J. Phys. Oceanogr.., 38, 2294-2307
	Spall, M. A., R. S. Pickart, P. S. Fratantoni, A. J. Plueddemann, 2008: Western Arctic Shelfbreak Eddies: Formation and Transport. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38, 1644-1668
	Spall, M. A., R. S. J. Pedlosky, 2008: Lateral coupling in baroclinically unstable flows. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38, 1267-1277
	Small, R. J., S. P. deSzoeke, S. P. Xie, L. O'Neil, H. Seo, Q. Song, P. Cornillon, M. Spall, S. Minobe, 2008: Air-sea interaction over ocean fronts and eddies Dyn. Atmos. Ocean.
	Spall, M. A. 2007. Circulation and water mass transformation in a model of the Chukchi Sea. J. Geophys. Res. , 112, C05025,doi:10.1029/2005JC002264
	Spall, M. A. 2007. Mid-latitude wind stress / sea surface temperature coupling in the vicinity of oceanic fronts. J. Climate , 20, 3785-3801.
	Spall, M. A. 2007. Effect of sea surface temperature / wind stress coupling on baroclinic instability in the ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr. , 37, 1092-1097.
	Pickart, R. S. and M. A. Spall, 2007. Impact of Labrador Sea convection on the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr. , 37, 2207-2227.
	Pedlosky, J. and M. A. Spall, 2005. Boundary intensification of vertical velocity in a beta-plane basin. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 35, 2487-2500.
	Spall, M. A., 2005. Buoyancy-forced circulations in shallow marginal seas. J. Mar. Res. 63, 729-752.
	Spall, M. A., J. Pedlosky, 2005. Reflection and Transmission of Equatorial Rossby Waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 35, 363-373
	Spall, M. A., 2004. Boundary currents and water mass transformation in marginal seas. Journal of Physical Oceanography. 34, 1197-1213
	Katsman, C. A., M. A. Spall, R. S. Pickart, 2004. Boundary current eddies and their role in the restratification of the Labrador Sea. Journal of Physical Oceanography 34, 1967-1983 .
	Weller, R. A., P. W. Furey, M. A. Spall, and R. E. Davis, 2003. The large-Scale Context for Oceanic Subduction in the Northeast Atlantic Deep-Sea Res., 51, 665-699
	Spall, Michael A., 2003. Islands in Zonal Flow. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 33, 2689-2701.
	Pickart, R. S., M. A. Spall, M. H. Ribergaard, G. W. K. Moore, and R. F. Milliff, 2003. Deep convection in the Irminger Sea forced by the Greenland tip jet. Nature, 424,152-156
	Pratt, L. J., and M. A. Spall, 2003. A Porous Media Theory for Geostrophic Flow Through Ridges and Archipelagos. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 33, 2702-2718
	Spall, Michael A., R. S. Pickart, 2003. Wind-driven recirculations and exchange in the Labrador and Irminger Seas. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 33,1829-1845
	Spall, Michael A., 2003. On the thermohaline circulation in flat bottom marginal seas. Journal of Marine Research, 61, 1-25
	Spall, Michael A., 2002. Wind- and buoyancy-forced upper ocean circulation in two-strait marginal seas with application to the Japan / East Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(C1), 6.1-6.12.
	Spall, Michael A., R. S. Pickart, 2001. Where does dense water sink? A subpolar gyre example. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 31(3), 810-825.
	Spall, Michael, A., 2001. Large-scale circulations forced by localized mixing over sloping bottom, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 31(8), 2369-2384.
;	Blackmon, M., and 25 co-authors, including M. Spall, 2001. The Community Climate System Model. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 82(11), 2357-2376.
;	Spall, Michael A., 2000. Buoyancy-forced circulations around islands and ridges. Journal of Marine Research, 58(6), 957-982.
	Spall, Michael, A., Robert Weller and Peter Furey, 2000. Modeling the three dimensional upper ocean heat budget and subduction rate during the Subduction Experiment, Journal of Geophysical Research, 105(C11), 26,151-26,166.
;	Spall, Michael A., 2000. Generation of strong mesoscale eddies by weak ocean gyres. Journal of Marine Research, 58, 97-116.
	Joyce, Terrence M., Clara Deser and Michael A. Spall, 2000. On the relation between decadal variability of Subtropical Mode Water and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Journal of Climate, 13(14), 2550-2569.
	Pedlosky, Joseph, and Michael Spall. 1999. Rossby normal modes in basins with barriers. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 29(9), 2332-2349.
	Spall, Michael A., 1999. A simple model of the large scale circulation of Mediterranean water and Labrador Sea water. Deep Sea Research II, 46, 181-204.
	Spall, Michael A., and David C. Chapman, 1998. On the efficiency of baroclinic eddy heat transport across narrow fronts. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 28(11), 2275-2287.
	Spall, Michael A., and James F. Price, 1998. Mesoscale variability in Denmark Strait: the PV outflow hypothesis. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 28(8), 1598-1623.
	Pedlosky, Joseph, Lawrence J. Pratt, Michael A. Spall and Karl R. Helfrich, 1997. Circulation around islands and ridges. Journal of Marine Research, 55(6), 1199-1251.
	Spall, M. A., 1997. Baroclinic jets in confluent flow. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 27(6), 1054-1071.
	Visbeck, Martin, John Marshall, Tom Haine and Mike A. Spall, 1997. Specification of eddy transfer coefficients in coarse-resolution ocean circulation models. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 27(3), 381-402.
	Pickart, Robert S., Michael A. Spall and J. R. N. Lazier, 1997. Mid-depth ventilation in the western boundary current system of the subpolar gyre. Deep-Sea Research, 44(6), 1025-1054.
	Spall, Michael A., 1996. Dynamics of the Gulf Stream/Deep Western Boundary Current Crossover. Part II: Low-frequency internal oscillations. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 26(10), 2169-2182.
	Spall, Michael A., 1996. Dynamics of the Gulf Stream/Deep Western Boundary Current Crossover. Part I: Entrainment and recirculation. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 26(10), 2152-2168.
	Williams, Richard G., Michael A. Spall and John C. Marshall, 1995. Does Stommel's mixed-layer 'demon' work? Journal of Physical Oceanography, 25(12), 3089-3102.
	Spall, Michael A., 1995. Frontogenesis, subduction, and cross-front exchange at upper ocean fronts. Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(C2), 2543-2558. [40.1 MB]
	Spall, Michael A., 1994. Wave-induced abyssal recirculations. Journal of Marine Research, 52, 1051-1080.
	Polvani, L. M., J. C. McWilliams, M. A. Spall and R. Ford, 1994. The coherent structures of shallow-water turbulence: Deformation-radius effects, cyclone/anticyclone asymmetry and gravity-wave generation. Chaos, 4(2), 177-186.
	Spall, Michael A., 1994. A mechanism for low frequency variability and salt flux in the Mediterranean salt tongue. Journal of Geophysical Research, 99(C5), 10,121-10,130.
	Spall, Michael A., Philip L. Richardson and James Price, 1993. Advection and eddy mixing in the Mediterranean salt tongue. Journal of Marine Research, 51(4), 797-818.
	Spall, Michael A., 1993. Variability of sea surface salinity in stochastically forced systems. Climate Dynamics, 8, 151-160.
	Spall, Michael A., and James C. McWilliams, 1992. Rotational and gravitational influences on the degree of balance in the shallow water equations. Geophysical and Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics, 64, 1-29.
	Spall, Michael A., 1992. Rossby wave radiation in the Cape Verde Frontal Zone. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 22(7), 796-807.
	Spall, Michael A., 1992. Cooling spirals and recirculation in the subtropical gyre. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 22(5), 564-571.
	Spall, Michael A., and William R. Holland, 1991. A nested primitive equation model for oceanic applications. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 21(2), 205-220.
	Spall, Michael A., 1991. A diagnostic study of the wind and buoyancy driven North Atlantic Circulation. Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans, 96(C10), 18,509-18,518.
	Spall, Michael A., and Allan R. Robinson, 1990. Regional primitive equation studies of the Gulf Stream meander and ring formation region. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 20(7), 985-1016.
	Spall, Michael A., 1990. Circulation in the Canary Basin: a model/data analysis Journal of Geophysical Research, 95(C6), 9611-9628.
	Spall, Michael A., and Allan R. Robinson, 1989. A new hybrid coordinate open ocean primitive equation model. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 31, 241-269.
	Spall, Michael A., 1989. Regional primitive equation modeling and analysis of the POLYMODE data set. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 14(1-2), 125-174.
	Robinson, Allan R., Michael A. Spall, Leonard J. Walstad and Wayne G. Leslie, 1989. Data assimilation and dynamical interpolation in GULFCAST experiments. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 13, 301-316.
	Robinson, Allan R., Michael A. Spall and Nadia Pinardi, 1988. Gulf Stream simulation and the dynamics of ring and meander processes. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 18(12), 1811-1853.