Hoffman J., Clark P., Parnell A., and He F., Regional and global sea-surface temperatures during the last interglaciation, Science, 355, 276-279, 2017 pdf supplementary material pdf

Recommended Background Reading

Pat Interglacials Working Group of PAGES, Interglacials of the last 800,000 year, Reviews of Geophysics, 54, 162-219, 2015 pdf

September 22, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Tzedakis P., Hodell D., Nehrbass-Ahles C., Mitsui T., and Wolff E., Marine isotope stage 11c: An unusual interglacial, Quaternary Science Reviews, 284, 107493, 2022 pdf

Recommended Background Reading

Tzedakis P., Crucifix M., Mitsui T., and Wolff E., A simple rule to determine which insolation cycles lead to interglacials, Nature, 542, 427-432, 2017 pdf

September 29, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Monnin E., Indermuhle A., Dallenbach A., Fluckiger J., Stauffer B., Stocker T., Raynaud D., and Barnola J.-M., Atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the last glacial termination, Science, 291, 112-114, 2001 pdf

Anderson R., Ali S., Bradtmiller L., Nielsen S., Fleisher M., Anderson B., and Burckle L., Wind-driven upwelling in the Southern Ocean and the deglacial rise in atmospheric CO2, Science, 323, 1443-1448, 2009 pdf (supplementary material pdf)

October 6, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Ford, H. L., A. C. Ravelo, P. S. Dekens, J. P. LaRiviere, and M. W. Wara, The evolution of the equatorial thermocline and the early Pliocene El Padre mean state, Geophysical Research Letters, 42, 4878–4887, doi:10.1002/2015GL064215, 2015 pdf

Recommended Reading

White, S. M., and Ravelo, A. C., Dampened El Niño in the early Pliocene warm period, Geophysical
Research Letters, 47, e2019GL08550, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL085504, 2020 pdf

October 13, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Cramewickel et al., Synchronous tropical and polar temperature evolution in the Eocene, Nature, 559, 382-386, 2018 pdf

Recommended Reading

Pross et al., Persistent near-topical warmth on the Antarctic continent during the early Eocene epoch, Nature, 488, 73-77, 2012 pdf

October 20, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Zachos et al., Rapid acidification of the ocean during the Paleocean-Eocene thermal maximum, Science, 308, 1611-1615, 2005 pdf (supplementary material pdf)

Recommended Background Reading

Sarmiento J. and Gruber N., Ocean biogeochemical dynamics, chapter 9.5: Calcium carbonate compensation, pp. 384-388, Princeton University Press, 2005 pdf

October 27, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Triparti A. and Elderfield H., Deep-sea temperature and circulation changes at the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Science, 308, 1894-1898, 2005 pdf (supplementary material pdf)

Yao et al., Large-scale ocean desoxygenation during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Science, 361, 804-806, 2018 pdf (supplementary material pdf)

Recommended Reading

McInerney F. and Wing S., The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: A perturbation of carbon cycle, climate, and biosphere with implications for the future, Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 39, 489-516, 2011 pdf

November 3, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Tzedakis P., Crucifix M., and Wolff E., A simple rule to determine which insolation cycles lead to interglacials, Nature, 542, 427-432, 2017 pdf

Recommended Reading

Lisiecki L. and Raymo M., A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic d18O records, Paleoceanography, 20, PA1003, doi:10.1029/2004PA001071, 2005 pdf

November 10, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Cobb K. et al., Highly variable El Nino - Southern Oscillation throughout the Holocene, Science, 67-70, 2013 pdf (supplementary material pdf)

Recommended Reading

McPhaden M., Zebiak S., and Glantz M., ENSO as an integrating concept in the Earth Science, Science, 314, 1740-1745, 2006 pdf

November 17, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Lund D., Lynch-Stieglitz J., and Curry W., Gulf Stream density structure and transport during the past millenium, Nature, 444, 601-604, 2006 pdf

Recommended Background Reading

A geostrophic transport estimate for the Florida Current from the oxygren isotope compositio of benthic foraminifera, Paleoceanography, 14, 360-373, 1999 pdf

November 24, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Haeberli et al., Snapshots of mean ocean temperature over the past 700,000 years using noble gases in the EPICA Dome C ice core, Climate of the Past, 17, 843-867, 2021 pdf

Recommended Reading

Bereiter et al., Mean global ocean temperatures during the last glacial transition, Nature, 553, doi: 10.1038/nature25152, 2018 pdf

December 8, 2:30-4:00 pm, Clark 331 (WHOI) & 54-827 (MIT)

Mandatory Reading

Burke et al., Pliocene and Eocene provide best analogs for near future climates, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115, 13288-13293, 2018 pdf (supplementary material pdf animations https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1809600115)