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Volcanoes

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Volcanoes provide stark evidence that Earth is a dynamic planet. We know eruptions on land can have devastating and far-reaching implications; Vesuvius, Pinatubo, and Mount St. Helens are prime examples. But in spite of their destructive power, volcanoes serve a vital purpose: They help release excess heat from the core and mantle of the planet, and they are the prime generators of Earth's crust. The Hawaiian Islands and Iceland are two of the best-known examples of volcanoes transforming the landscape.

While most of us think of volcanoes as high peaks jutting into the sky, scientists know that most volcanoes are hidden on the seafloor, clustered in chains of seamounts or spread along the mid-ocean ridges—where volcanic activity is greatest and Earth's crust is continually renewed.


WHOI Featured Stories
December 13, 2007
Robot Paints Stunning Map of Deep-sea Volcano
To create the map, the underwater vehicle known as ABE meticulously and methodically maintained a constant, low height above the rugged terrain of the active Brothers volcano, north of New Zealand.
Source: Oceanus Magazine

Jason photo of volcano eruptionAugust 4, 2006
Jason Versus the Volcano
Undersea robot provides a rare close-up view of a deep-sea eruption.
Source: Oceanus Magazine

June 9, 2006
Into the 'Mouth of Hell'
Trained as geologist and a mountain climber, Ken Sims studies volcanoes around the world—collecting gas samples that will help unravel the volcanic processes that have shaped the Earth and its climate over billions of years, and that could provide warnings about future eruptions.
Source: Oceanus Magazine

Augustine volcanoMay 25, 2006
To Catch an Erupting Volcano
Researchers deploy a ring of ocean bottom seismometers on the seafloor around a volcanic island in Cook Inlet off Alaska.
Source: Oceanus Magazine

September 27, 2005
Nafanua, Eel City, and the Crater of Death
New explorations of Vailulu'u, the 14,300-foot underwater volcano off Samoa, have revealed a volcano growing inside a volcano, a novel hydrothermal community swarming with eels, and a zone in the caldera that is devoid of life.

Source: Oceanus Magazine

Rhea WorkmanMay 18, 2005
Rambling Atop an Active Volcano
With machete in hand and 60 pounds of satellite receiver and tripod on his back, Jeff Standish looked up into the lush tropical brush that covered the volcano, up a steep escarpment, and up again to the summit 3,000 feet above sea level. Then he turned to Rhea Workman, a graduate student in the WHOI/MIT Joint Program, and said, "We're going up where?"
Source: Oceanus Magazine

rapid responseMay 2, 2005
Rapid Response
The earthquakes were coming fast and frequent, as many as 50 to 70 an hour. On the morning of Sunday, Feb. 28, undersea hydrophones began detecting the most intense swarm of earthquakes to occur in the last three years along the Juan de Fuca Ridge, about 200 miles off the Pacific Northwest coast.
Source: Oceanus Magazine

Conduits Into Earth's Inaccessible InteriorJanuary 30, 2004
Conduits Into Earth's Inaccessible Interior
Jules Verne wrote about a way to journey to the center of the earth, but unfortunately, we haven't found it yet. So we really don't know what happens deep inside our planet.
Source: Oceanus Magazine

Unraveling the Tapestry of Ocean CrustApril 5, 2004
Unraveling the Tapestry of Ocean Crust
Most people know that oceans cover about 70 percent of Earth's surface. Fewer people realize that the crust beneath oceans and continents is fundamentally different. Why this is so remains a mystery that scientists are still trying to solve.
Source: Oceanus Magazine

Peering into the Crystal Fabric of RocksJune 22, 2004
Peering into the Crystal Fabric of Rocks
"Rock solid" is an oxymoron, to my way of thinking. Oh, the expression does have some truth in that minuscule, superficial portion of our planet where humans dwell. But the majority of rocks nearly everywhere else in the earth are continually changing their physical characteristics.
Source: Oceanus Magazine

Voyage to Vailulu'uJune 1, 2001
Voyage to Vailulu'u
'X' marked the hot spot—below the sea surface

WHOI News Releases
May 25, 2005
New Underwater Volcano Found Near Samoa
An international team of scientists has discovered a new underwater volcano near Samoa, complete with its own "Eel City."
Source: Media Relations

May 16, 2000
Scientists Find Active Underwater Volcano East of Samoa
Source: Media Relations

April 16, 1999
Active 14,000 Foot Submarine Volcano Found near Samoa in South Pacific
Source: Media Relations

Related Slideshows
Research at Masaya VolcanoResearch at Masaya Volcano
How Ken Sims and fellow scientists conduct research at this Nicaraguan volcano

Life at Lonar CraterLife at Lonar Crater
WHOI volcanologist Adam Soule explored a crater in India formed by a meteorite.

Related Video & Animation
The Volcano ExplorerThe Volcano Explorer
Ken Sims explains why he works at Masaya, his interest in volcanoes worldwide, and what an oceanographer can learn from volcanoes on land.
» View Video (Quicktime)
» View Video (Media Player)

WHOI Researchers, Labs, and Groups

Stan HartStan Hart
WHOI Senior Scientist, Geology & Gephysics
» Visit Web site

Deb SmithDeborah Smith
WHOI Senior Scientist, Geology & Geophysics
» Visit Web site

Dan FornariDaniel J. Fornari
» Visit Web site

Susan HumphrisSusan Humphris
Geology & Geophysics
» Visit Web site

Brian TucholkeBrian Tucholke
Geology & Geophysics
» Visit Web site

Ken SimsKen Sims
Geology & Geophysics
» Visit Web site

Nobumichi ShimizuNobumichi Shimizu
Geology & Geophysics
» Visit Web site

Maurice TiveyMaurice A. Tivey
Geology & Geophysics
» Visit Web site

Hans SchoutenHans Schouten
Geology & Geophysics
» Visit Web site

Rob EvansRob L. Evans
Geology & Geophysics
» Visit Web site


Last updated: September 3, 2009
 


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