By Syndrome

Syndrome Causative Organisms Affected Areas

Amnesic shellfish poisoning
(ASP) 		Pseudo-nitzchia spp. U.S. west coast including Alaska
Atlantic Canada
Georges Bank
Chile
Australia
New Zealand
United Kingdom

Azaspiracid shellfish poisoning
(AZP) 		Protoperidinium crassipes England
Scotland
Ireland
France
Spain
Morocco
Norway

Ciguatera fish poisoning
(CFP)
Gambierdiscus toxicus (benthic)
and others 		Hawaii
Gulf of Mexico
Puerto Rico
Caribbean
Australia
many Pacific islands

Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning
(DSP)
Dinophysis spp.
Prorocentrum lima 		Europe
Japan
Atlantic Canada
South Africa
Chile
Thailand
New Zealand
Australia

Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
(NSP)
Karenia brevis
Karenia brevisulcatum
and others 		U.S. Gulf coast
New Zealand

Paralytic shellfish poisoning
(PSP)
Alexandrium spp.
Gymnodinium catenatum
Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum
and others 		U.S. west coast including Alaska
New England coastal states
Canada
Chile
Brazil
Europe
South Africa
Asia
Australia
New Zealand

Possible estuary-associated syndrome
(PEAS)
Pfiesteria piscicida
and other Pfiesteria spp. 		North Carolina
Maryland
Delaware

Swimmer's itch
Dermatitis 		Lyngbya Australia
Florida
worldwide throughout the tropics and subtropics


Last updated: July 31, 2012