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Marine Invertebrates of Cape Cod
WHOI/MIT Joint Program Class 7.435 Fall Semester 2005 |
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Instructors: Stace
Beaulieu and Lauren
Mullineaux
(Biology)
T.A.: Kelly Rakow (Biology)
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Marine Invertebrates of Cape Cod
WHOI/MIT Joint Program Class 7.435 Fall Semester 2005 |
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Instructors: Stace
Beaulieu and Lauren
Mullineaux
(Biology)
T.A.: Kelly Rakow (Biology)
| This course is a hands-on introduction to the marine invertebrates inhabiting the waters of Cape Cod. We will combine lectures, field collections, and laboratory observation to familiarize students with the diversity of invertebrates in the local region and explore selected aspects of their function, ecology, and evolution. Field studies will include trips to marsh, estuarine, and rocky intertidal habitats and a cruise to subtidal environments. Class meetings will be concentrated in September and October when the animals are plentiful, the water warm, and the weather good. Students will present subjects orally in class, conduct a field or laboratory research project, and participate in a lab practicum . Textbooks will be available in the reading room at Redfield and will be supplemented with guides to local fauna. |  |
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Readings
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Websites
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L1
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L1: Pechenik
Chap. 2, L2: B&B Chap. 6, 8, 9 |
L1: phylogenetic
systematics, Tree
of Life, PhyloCode,
L2: Porifera, Cnidaria, Scyphozoa of Woods Hole, Ctenophora, Bryozoa |
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Pechenik Chap. 13; B&B Chap. 13: 387-394 |
Annelida, Annelid Resources Homepage |
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B&B Chap. 10,
11, 14 |
Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Nemertea, Sipuncula, Echiura, Chaetognaths, Enteropneusts |
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B&B Chap. 20 |
Bivalves, bivalves on
Cape Cod, Cephalopoda, Gastropoda |
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B&B Chap. 15, 16,
19 |
Arthropoda , The Crustacean Society |
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Pechenik Chap. 22 |
Urochordata |
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B&B Chap. 22 |
Echinodermata, echinoderms on Tree of Life |
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Lab notebooks due |
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8 Nov. |
Research papers due | No class |
Field trip (F) classes are expected to take all morning (about 3hrs). Lab/lecture (L) classes will involve 1/2-hr of hands-on observations, followed by a 1-hr lecture. Two class sessions are set aside for 20-min student presentations of primary literature (P). An additional two class sessions are set aside for 30-min student presentations of original research projects (S), and the final class session will be an end-of-semester lab practicum . We will meet a total of 17 times over the ten weeks, but 4 of these class periods will be < 1 hr.
Lectures (given by):
L1 (Mullineaux/Beaulieu): Introduction to invertebrate phyla, with
hands-on sorting of a variety of habitat samples
L2 (Beaulieu): Porifera, Cnidaria, and Ctenophora (and, briefly,
Bryozoa)
L3 (Mullineaux): WormsI-- Annelida
L4 (Beaulieu): WormsII--
Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Nemertea,
Sipuncula, Echiura, Chaetognaths, and Enteropneusts
L5 (Mullineaux): Mollusca
L6 (Mullineaux): ArthropodsI
L7 (Mullineaux): ArthropodsII
L8 (Rakow): Urochordata
L9 (Beaulieu): Echinodermata
Field trips:
F1 : Walk on Woodneck
Beach (marsh, beach, and rocky
intertidal) low tide 14 Sep. 10:45AM
F2 : Barnstable Harbor at
Scudders Lane (marsh) low tide 26 Sep. 1PM
(leave WHOI at 11AM, return 4PM)
F3 : Afternoon cruise on
R/V Gemma in Vineyard Sound
Plus optional field trips:
1) Snorkeling at WHOI pier (Mon 5 Sep.
10AM
prior to L1 and **night** Wed 5 Oct. 6PM)
2) Provincetown low tide for sipuncs and nemerteans (Sun 18 Sep. prior
to L4)
3) Evening snorkel at Sandwich
Town Beach (Sun. 16 Oct. low
tide just before sunset)
4) Join Regina Campbell-Malone's class field trip on 29 Oct.
Check
tides.
| Invertebrates
collected during our optional field trips |
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 Nudibranch Coryphella pellucida from WHOI Pier |
 Unidentified pycnogonid from WHOI Pier |
 Bryozoan (likely Electra pilosa) from Sandwich Beach |
Other local excursions of interest to our class:
- Bourne Scallop Festival: 10AM - 9PM 23-24 Sept., 10AM - 7PM 25 Sept.,
Buzzards Bay Park, Main Street.
- Wellfleet Oysterfest: Fri-Sun 14-16 Octob., Main St., Wellfleet.
- WBNERR: open house Saturdays 1-4PM, open Mon-Fri 10AM - 4PM, Route
28, Waquoit.
| 30% | Independent research project. The project may be any original work involving a field or laboratory study of local inverebrate fauna (laboratory projects limited to whole organism studies such as behavior, feeding ecology, or physiology). We prefer that students work together in pairs for these projects. Example field studies would be: mark-recapture study of gastropods on rocks at Woodneck Beach, weekly survey of residents in delimited area on Iselin pier piling. The oral presentation (S1 , S2 above) may include hands-on activities in addition to the typical AGU-type presentation format. The written report will be in typical (but abbreviated) manuscript format: abstract, intro, methods, results, discussion, and references. |
| 20% | Oral presentation (P1, P2 above) of a paper from the
published literature that
describes some aspect of the ecology or evolution of a local
invertebrate species. Here is an example: Cohen, A.L. et al.
2002. The effect of algal symbionts on the accuracy of Sr/Ca
paleotemperatures from coral. Science 296: 331-333. Other
examples would be: papers
on the biomedical relevance of local horseshoe crabs, fisheries
research on clam or scallop populations, larval settlement of local
fauna, bioluminescence or seasonal strategies of zooplankton in local
waters. This ~20-min presentation will be somewhat informal
(show-and-tell), involving maybe a figure or two from the manuscript. |
| 25% | Class participation. During each of the 3 field trips, one or a pair of students will act as "scribe," recording notes and a list of organisms/samples collected. These notes will be submitted within a day or two for Beaulieu to prepare a webpage for each field trip, including the notes and any digital photos. During each lab session, each student will be assigned a particular body system (for example the reproductive or circulatory system) to learn somewhat in-depth. |
| 10% | Notebook with observations from field trips and laboratory investigations of specimens. |
| 15% | End-of-semester, general lab practicum for identification of local organisms and their body systems. |
Course
readings reserve list (thru MBL Library)
Textbook, field guide, and lab manual:
Course reference: Brusca, R. and Brusca, G. 2003. Invertebrates, 2nd
ed. Sinauer. (I purchased a
used copy at amazon.com.)
Handy for field trips: Beachcomber's
Companion. 2005.
Course lab manual: Wallace, R.L. and Taylor,
W.K. 2003. Invertebrate zoology: a laboratory manual, 6th ed.
Prentice Hall.
Other references available in the Redfield Reading Room:
Textbooks:
- Anderson, D.T., ed. 1998. Invertebrate Zoology. Melbourne: Oxford UP.
- Laverack and Dando. 1979. 2nd ed.
- Pechenik, J.A. 2005. Biology of the Invertebrates, 5th ed. Boston:
McGraw-Hill.
- Ruppert, E.E. and Barnes, R.D. 1994.
Invertebrate Zoology, 6th ed. Fort Worth: Saunders.
Field guides:
- Abbott, R.T. and Morris, P.A. 1995. A Field Guide to Shells: Atlantic
and Gulf Coasts and the West Indies, 4th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
(From Falmouth Public Library)
- Giambarba, P. What is it? ...at the Beach on Cape Cod and the
Islands. Scrimshaw Press.
- Gosner, K.L. 1971. Guide to Identification of Marine and Estuarine
Invertebrates: Cape Hatteras to
the Bay of Fundy. New York: Wiley.
- Gosner, K.L. 1979. A Field Guide to the Atlantic Seashore from the
Bay of Fundy to Cape Hatteras. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
- Heuer, R.J. 1970. Exploring for Sea Shells on Martha's Vineyard.
Felix Neck Wildlife Trust, Vineyard
Haven. (From Falmouth Public Library)
- Martinez, A.J. 2003. Marine Life of the North Atlantic: Canada
to New England, 3rd ed.. Camden: Down East Books.
- Meinkoth, N.A. 1981. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North
American Seashore Creatures. New York: Knopf.
- **BEST FOR I.D.s** Pollock, L.W. 1998. A practical guide to the
marine animals of
the
northeastern north America. Rutgers UP, New Brunswick.
- Smith, R.I. 1964. Keys to Marine Invertebrates of the Woods Hole
Region. Contribution No. 11, Systematics-Ecology Program, MBL.
- Smith and Johnson. 1996. 2nd ed.
- Walls, ed. 1982.
- **BEST FOR I.D.s** Weiss, H.M. 1995. Marine Animals of Southern New
England and New
York: Identification Keys to Common Nearshore and Shallow Water
Macrofauna. Bulletin 115 of the State Geological and Natural History
Survey of Connecticut.
- Zinn, D.J. 1984. Marine Mollusks of Cape Cod. Natural History Series
No. 2, Cape Cod Museum of Natural History. (From Falmouth Public
Library)
Lab manuals:
- Abbott. 1987.
- Doris, E. 1993. Invertebrate Zoology. New York: Thames and Hudson.
Produced in association with the Children's School of Science, Woods
Hole. (From Falmouth Public Library)
- Freeman, W.H. and Bracegirdle, B.1971. An Atlas of
Invertebrate Structure. London: Heinemann Educational Books.
- Hilgard, G.H., ed. 1987. Observing Marine Invertebrates:
Drawings from the Laboratory. Stanford: Stanford UP.
- Niesen, T.M. 1982. The Marine Biology Coloring Book. New York: Barnes
and Noble. (Seriously, this book has useful drawings.)
- Pierce and Maugel. 1987.
- Sherman and Sherman. 1976.
