Readings and
class notes
Marine Mammal Toxicology
7.432 TOPICS IN PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Spring 2004
Feb 5:
Overview
Feb 12: Chemistry I: Halogenated
aromatic hydrocarbons
Aguilar, A. and Borrell, A. (1994) Reproductive
transfer and variation of body load of organochlorine pollutants
with age in fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus). Arch
Environ Contam Toxicol 27:
546-554.
Aguilar, A., Borrell, A., and Reijnders, P.J. (2002)
Geographical and temporal variation in levels of organochlorine contaminants
in marine mammals. Mar
Environ Res 53: 425-52.
Ross, P.S., et al. (2000) High PCB Concentrations
in Free-Ranging Pacific Killer Whales, Orcinus orca: Effects of Age,
Sex and Dietary Preference. Mar. Poll.
Bull. 40: 504-515.
Feb 19: Chemistry II: PAHs
and algal toxins
Holsbeek, L., et al. 1999. Heavy metals, organochlorines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sperm whales stranded in the southern North Sea during the 1994/1995 winter. Marine Pollution Bulletin [Mar. Pollut. Bull.]. 38:304-313.
Marsili, L., et al. 2001. Polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) in subcutaneous biopsies of Mediterranean cetaceans.
Chemosphere
[Chemosphere] 44:147-154.
Martineau, D., et al.. 2002. Cancer in Wildlife,
a Case Study: Beluga from the St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, Canada.
Environmental
Health Perspectives [Environ. Health Perspect.]. 110:285-292.
Van Dolah, F. M., et al.. 2003. Impacts of algal
toxins on marine mammals. In: Toxicology of Marine Mammals. J. Vos,
G. Bossart, M. Fournier and T. O'Shea. Taylor and Francis, NY.247-269.
Scholin, C. A., et al. 2000. Mortality of sea lions
along the central California coast linked to a toxic diatom bloom.
Nature
[Nature]. no. 6765:80-84.
Feb 26: Chemistry III: Metals
and organometals
Das et al (2003) heavy metals in marine mammals.
Chapter 7 In: Toxicology of Marine Mammals. J. Vos, G. Bossart, M.
Fournier and T. O'Shea. Taylor and Francis, NY,
pp.135-167
O'Hara et al (2003) Inorganic pollutants in Arctic
marine mammals. Chapter 9 In: Toxicology of Marine Mammals. J. Vos,
G. Bossart, M. Fournier and T. O'Shea. Taylor and Francis, NY, pp.
206-246.
Nakata,
H., Sakakibara, A., Kanoh, M., Kudo, S., Watanabe, H., Nagai, N., Miyazaki,
N., Asano, Y., and Tanabe, S. (2002) Evaluation of mitogen-induced responses
in marine mammal and human lymphocytes by in-vitro exposure of butyltins
and non-ortho coplanar PCBs. Environ
Pollut 120: 245-53.
March 4: Toxicology I: Principles
& mechanisms
White, R.D., et al. (1994) Catalytic and immunochemical
characterization of hepatic microsomal cytochromes P450 in beluga whales
(Delphinapterus leucas).
Toxicol.
Appl. Pharmacol. 126: 45-57.
Jensen, B.A. and Hahn, M.E. (2001) cDNA cloning
and characterization of a high affinity aryl hydrocarbon receptor in
a cetacean, the beluga, Delphinapterus leucas. Toxicol.
Sci. 64: 41-56.
Trainer,
V.L. and Baden, D.G. (1999) High affinity binding of red tide neurotoxins
to marine mammal brain. Aquat.
Toxicol. 46: 139-148.
Review Ross et al (2000) from class 2 (TEQ section).
March 11: Toxicology II: Immunotoxicology
(Sylvaine De Guise, University
of Connecticut)
De Swart RL, et al. 1994. Impairment of immune functions in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) feeding on fish from polluted waters. Ambio 23: 155-159.
De Guise S, et al. 1998. Effects of
In vitro exposure of beluga whale leucocytes to selected organochlorines.
J
Tox Environ Health Part A 55: 479-493.
Ross PS, et al.. 1997. Impaired cellular
immune response in rats exposed perinatally to Baltic Sea herring
oil or 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Arch Toxicol
71: 563-574.
March 18: Toxicology III: Reproductive,
endocrine, and developmental toxicology
Reijnders, P.J.H. (1986) Reproductive
failure in common seals feeding on fish from polluted coastal waters.
Nature 324: 456-457.
Reijnders, P.J.H. (2003) Reproductive and developmental
effects of environmental organochlorines on marine mammals.
Chapter 3 In: Toxicology of Marine
Mammals. J. Vos, G. Bossart, M. Fournier and T. O'Shea. Taylor and Francis,
NY. p. 55
Brunstrom, B., Lund, B.O., Bergman, A., Asplund, L., Athanassiadis,
I., Athanasiadou, M., Jensen, S. and Orberg, J. (2001) Reproductive toxicity
in mink (Mustela vison) chronically exposed to environmentally relevant
polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations, Environ
Toxicol Chem 20: 2318-27.
March 25: Spring break (no class)
April 1: Epidemiology
(no foolin')
(Randy Wells: "Integrating
life history, health, and reproductive success data to examine potential
relationships with organochlorine contaminants for bottlenose dolphins
in Sarasota Bay, Florida.")
notes
Schwacke, L.H., et al. (2002) Probabilistic risk
assessment of reproductive effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on
bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Southeast United States
Coast. Environ
Toxicol Chem 21: 2752-64.
April 8: Toxico-pathology
notes
notes
April 15: Biomarkers
van den Brink, N.W., et al. (2000) Polychlorinated
biphenyls pattern analysis: Potential nondestructive biomarker
in vertebrates for exposure to cytochrome P450-inducing organochlorines.
Environ.
Toxicol. Chem. 19: 575Ð581.
Gauthier, J.M., et al. (1999) Biomarkers of DNA
damage in marine mammals. Mutat
Res 444:
427-39.
Miller, D. et al (2004) Cytochrome P450 1A1 expression in cetacean integument:
implications for detecting contaminant exposure and effects. Mar.
Mamm Sci. (in press)
Jensen & Hahn (2001) (see above)
April 22: Student presentations (Lapseritis, Lysiak, Klanjscek)
April 29: Student presentations (Campbell-Malone, Shapiro, Montie)
May 6:
Student presentations (Martins, Whalen, Plata)
May 13: Student presentations (Chappell, DeRuiter, Klepac)