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| | 1. A beautiful, winter sunset casts an amber glow on the R/V Oceanus docked at the WHOI pier in January 2010. Oceanus is the North Atlantic workhorse of the WHOI-UNOLS fleet, and it has been used extensively in recent years for studies of the Gulf Stream and related ocean circulation systems and for monitoring harmful algal blooms. (Photo by Sarah Hurley, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 2. In June 2010 WHOI investigators aboard the R/V Endeavor used the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Sentry to map a large, underwater hydrocarbon plume in the Gulf of Mexico arising from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Sentry can dive to depths of 4,500 meters, but, for this work, it operated at approximately 1,000 meters and was outfitted with an underwater instrument that enabled chemical measurements to be used as a guidance system for the vehicle. Equipped with its advanced analytical systems, Sentry was able to crisscross plume boundaries to help establish its size at 1.2 miles wide, 650 feet high and at least 22 miles long. This knowledge of the plume structure guided the team in collecting physical samples for further laboratory analyses. (Photo by Chris Reddy, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 3. The crew aboard the R/V Atlantis extended a helping hand to a fishing vessel in distress off the coast of Peru on Jan. 20, 2010. The vessel, the Peruvian long liner La Isilla, and its seven-member crew had been adrift for four days. The Atlantis, under the command of captain A.D. Colburn, provided the ship with 150 gallons of diesel fuel, drinking water and food. The Atlantis was en route to Iquique, Chile. Where is Atlantis now? (Photo by Lance Wills, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 4. Pilots and scientists controlling the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) Jason work from a darkened control room to monitor Jason’s instruments and video feed. The Jason control room is made up of two modified shipping containers that are mounted together on the host ship. During this cruise, the team worked from the R/V Thomas G. Thompson, operated by the University of Washington, to survey sites in the Pacific Ocean for the Regional Scale Nodes of the Ocean Observatories Initiative. Learn more about the Jason Control room through the Jason Virtual Van System. (Photo by Tom Lanagan, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 5. The R/V Atlantis crew was working off the Galapagos Islands with the human occupied submersible Alvin, when Captain AD Coburn noticed a yellow object floating approximately 1000 meters off in the distance. After getting permission from the Alvin “top lab” to investigate, the ship steamed over to what turned out to be an illegal fishing long-line, and, tangled within it, was a sea turtle. The crew on board hauled the line and the turtle up on the deck. They carefully but quickly cut away the line wrapped around the turtle’s flipper and neck. The thankful turtle swam away. (Photo by Rod Catanach, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 6. A conceptual illustration of the next-generation research submersible: The WHOI-operated research submersible Alvin is a workhorse of deep sea science and exploration. Built in 1964, Alvin has made more than 4,500 dives and can reach 4,500 meters (about three miles) depth, or about 63 percent of the ocean floor. In 2004, the National Science Foundation approved a WHOI proposal to design a replacement human-occupied vehicle (RHOV) capable of diving to 6,500 meters, and has recently approved a phased approach to construction. In Phase 1, enhancements to the existing sub will include a larger personnel sphere with better electronics and viewing; better battery capacity for more on-bottom time; increased sampling capabilities; better maneuverability; and improved lighting and video systems. (Illustration by Don Peters, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 7. Rob Munier was named the newest vice president for Marine Operations and Facilities at WHOI on March 1. He has spent more than 500 days at sea during a 30-year career in ocean engineering, most recently developing global solutions as managing director for the undersea technology firm Tyco Telecommunications. Munier has responsiblity for WHOI deep-submergence vehicles, ocean observing systems, and ships, including Oceanus in the background, as well as the personnel who operate them. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 8. RV Atlantis steward Carl Wood chats with the Alvin pilot inside the sub during a recovery in the Equatorial Pacific. Launched in 1964, the sub's most famous exploits include exploring the first known hydrothermal vent sites in the 1970s and surveying the wreck of RMS Titanic in 1986. HOV Alvin is owned by the Navy, but is operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and is part of the National Deep Submergence Facility. (Photo by Buffy Cushman-Patz, Teacher at Sea) | | 9. The remotely operated vehicle (ROV) Jason is strapped to the deck of the University of Washington's research vessel R/V Thomas Thompson. During the summer 2010 cruise, the ROV was used to sample hydrothermal fluids from vent fields at the Axial Seamount. It was typically on deck for only a few hours during the day so that its sample baskets and bottles could be emptied and technicians could perform the necessary pre- and post-dive checks before resuming operations. (Photo by Tom Lanagan, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institutio) | | 10. RV Atlantis steward Carl Wood dives back into the ocean after securing the lifting lines used to recover the human occupied vehicle (HOV) Alvin. Known for his graceful exits, Carl likes to wait till the sub is far out of the water before he jumps. Alvin has made over 4,500 dives for the ocean science community. HOV Alvin is owned by the Navy, but is operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and is part of the National Deep Submergence Facility. (Photo by Buffy Cushman-Patz, Teacher at Sea) | | 11. Somewhere in the tropical Pacific, DSV Alvin crew member Jeff McDonald emerges from the sub's hatch, after giving an orientation to a future scientist-observer. Alvin holds three, a pilot and two observers, in a six-foot diameter sphere. The Alvin group conducts orientations to familiarize new passengers with the sub's restricted space, layout, and systems before they dive. A new sphere is being constructed, part of a major upgrade to Alvin slated to begin in 2011. (Photo by Buffy Cushman-Patz, Teacher at Sea) | | 12. DSV (Deep Submergence Vehicle) Alvin dives to the sea floor almost every day of the year in the service of ocean science. In the relatively few hours between dives, a team of engineers checks every system and makes sure it's ready for the next dive. In this photo, in the equatorial Pacific near the Galapagos Islands, Alvin Group members Dave Walter (left) and Jeff McDonald prepped the sub in its hangar aboard R/V Atlantis. WHOI is in the process of upgrading Alvin with a larger personnel sphere and improved systems, part of a phased program for a next-generation human-occupied research submersible. (Photo by Buffy Cushman-Patz, Teacher at Sea) | | 13. The end of a cruise with the deep-sea submersible (DSV) Alvin can be almost as busy as the middle. This photo, taken on April 13, 2010 after dive #4618, shows the crew of the R/V Atlantis washing the sub and preparing it for the next cruise. Visible behind the group on the starboard (right) side of Atlantis is the yellow autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Sentry, which scientists deployed in conjunction with Alvin to map and sample lava fields on the ocean floor near the Galapagos Islands. Atlantis and Alvin are due to arrive at the WHOI dock on September 5 for a rare stopover in Woods Hole. (Photo by Mark Spear, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 14. Ordinary seaman, and occasional Alvin support swimmer, Ronald Whims, relays directions to Alvin’s pilot and helps guide the submersible into position for recovery by the research vessel Atlantis during a July 2010 expedition in the Pacific Ocean. Researchers used the vessel and submersible to study hydrothermal vents along the Endeavour section of the Juan de Fuca Ridge and to deploy instrumentation for NEPTUNE Canada, a cabled seafloor observatory that will gather live data from a wide array of instruments deployed in a broad spectrum of undersea environments. (Photo by Lance Wills, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 15. Nathan (left) and Patrick McGuire, sons of WHOI associate scientist Jeff McGuire, welcome R/V Atlantis home to Woods Hole with the Lego models of the ship they made this summer. Both models include miniature replicas of the deep submergence vehicle Alvin. Atlantis returned on Sept. 6 after more than four years away. During that time, it sailed more than 104,000 miles and conducted 60 science expeditions, and Alvin made 475 dives. Also view video and a slideshow of Atlantis' return. (Photo by Ken Kostel, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 16. In September 2010 off the coast of Oregon, the Jason team, with help from the captain and crew of the NOAA research vessel R/V Thomas G. Thompson, recovered the ROV Jason after approximately 90 hours on the bottom exploring hydrothermal vents. The recovery was part of a cruise led by Bill Chadwick of Oregon State University. Ninety hours on the seafloor is a long time for a Jason dive, which generally lasts 21 hours, though operators have kept the vehicle down for as long as 100 hours in the past. (Photo by Tom Lanagan, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 17. In June 2010, aboard R/V Endeavor, WHOI engineers Al Duester (right) and Andy Billings (center) helped recover the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Sentry after a dive in the Gulf of Mexico. WHOI investigators, supported by the National Science Foundation, traveled to the Gulf to search for subsurface plumes of hydrocarbon-rich waters resulting from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Sentry, equipped with an instrument that measured chemicals in the water, was programmed to cross back and forth across the plume to map it. (Photo by Chris Reddy, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 18. Katie Eident (background) returned to Woods Hole recently on the R/V Atlantis after eight months aboard the ship. Her parents, Donna and William, were at the WHOI dock to greet her. Going to sea on WHOI research vessels runs in the Eident family: Her father served as chief engineer aboard Oceanus, brother Bill was a junior engineer on Oceanus and deckhand on Knorr, brother Dan was a deckhand on Atlantis, and Katie served as a mess attendant aboard all three ships. During her time on Atlantis, she also blogged for Scientific American and contributed to Oceanus magazine. Katie now plans to spend some time on land pursuing her other love: writing. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 19. The Crosby Yacht Yard has been building boats on Cape Cod since 1850, so it’s particularly exciting that one of their boats has joined the WHOI fleet. The Echo, a 29-foot custom-built Crosby Hawk with a cruising speed of 20 knots, will support the Institution’s diving program. A generous gift from Life Trustee George Moss and his wife, Joyce, a Corporation member, the Crosby Hawk is known internationally as a rugged work boat with a reputation for stability, economy and quality. It becomes the fifth in WHOI’s Small Boat Fleet. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 20. Whenever possible, the Jason Group at WHOI schedules maintenance of the hard-working remotely operated vehicle. Here, WHOI contractor Scott Hansen works on the vehicle's thruster motors. ROV Jason recently completed Dive 538, searching for deep water coral communities deep in the Gulf of Mexico. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 21. Massachusetts Senator John Kerry visited WHOI in September and took the opportunity to tour the submersible Alvin during a rare port call in Woods Hole. Alvin, which is operated by WHOI for the U.S. Navy, has made more than 4,000 dives in its current configuration and is scheduled for a complete overhaul in 2011. The senator, also a Navy veteran, heard from WHOI officials and researchers about the Institution's contributions to the Cape Cod and regional economy, as well as its increasing use of autonomous underwater vehicles and marine sensing systems to conduct its work. Visit Woods Hole Sunday 10/17 from noon to 5:00 to meet Alvin. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 22. Alvin pilot Bruce Strickrott (left) watches as U.S. Navy Rear Admiral Nevin Carr climbs into the sub, which is owned by the Navy and operated by WHOI for the U.S. research community, during a stopover in San Diego. The layover gave WHOI the opportunity to schedule an engineering dive to assess Alvin's new camera and lighting systems on a sunken World War II fighter plane off the coast, and to invite two rear admirals—Carr, the Chief of Naval Research and David Titley, Oceanographer of the Navy—to join the dives as observers. In early 2011, Alvin will receive a complete overhaul and upgrade. Visit Woods Hole Sunday 10/17 from noon to 5:00 to meet Alvin. (Photo by Lance Wills, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 23. On a foggy August morning swimmers, Ronnie Whims and Donny Collasius, dive into the water to remove the human occupied vehicle (HOV) Alvin's basket safety lines. Once all the pre-launch preparations were completed the sub was ready to explore a volcanic rift at Juan de Fuca. Dives at this location are routinely 2,500m (8,200 feet) deep and take six hours or longer to complete. Alvin is owned by the Navy and operated by WHOI. To date, the submersible has completed more than 4,600 dives. (Photo by Lance Wills, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 24. WHOI scientist Susan Humphris (far right, seated) answers a question from a member of the audience about the Alvin submersible upgrade project during a public event held on Oct. 17, 2010. WHOI President and Director Susan Avery (standing), engineer Barrie B. Walden and biologist Stace Beaulieu (middle) also took questions from the public during a panel discussion of the sub’s past, present, and future. Visitors were also able to see Alvin on the WHOI dock and talk with some of the people who help make it the hardest working deep-diving research sub in the U.S. Couldn’t make it to the public event? Take the interactive tour online and view video of the panel presentations. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 25. Alvin, the deep-diving, three-person research submarine, is generally on the job, which means it's at sea. But every few years, it returns to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for routine maintenance and upgrades. On Oct. 17, WHOI took took advantage of one of these rare opportunities to invite the public to see Alvin up close and personal. They also heard presentations by WHOI scientists on the iconic sub's past, present, and future. After two more missions, the sub will be completely rebuilt, receiving a new personnel sphere with an interior redesign. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 26. Oceanographers working in the North Atlantic in autumn always face the prospect stormy weather, but those on a recent cruise on the research vessel Atlantis got more than their share. On September 20, 2010, the Atlantis rode the fringes of Hurricane Igor (shown here). Over the next two weeks, it encountered two more weather systems, Tropical Storm Nicole and an unnamed nor’easter-type event. WHOI scientist Timothy Eglinton said that despite the rough seas, the sturdy Atlantis enabled the researchers aboard to complete most of their research objectives, which included deploying sediment trap moorings and CTD/Niskin rosettes and gathering multicore samples of the seafloor. (Photo by Lance Wills, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 27. A crane lifts the submersible Alvin off the WHOI dock to load it onto R/V Atlantis for a research cruise to the Gulf of Mexico. The crane isn’t bending—it’s appearance is due to the distortion caused by several images being stitched together. The sub did, however, take a public bow recently at WHOI's “Meet Alvin” open house. Alvin will be deployed with the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Sentry December 7-14 on a cruise to study deep corals in the Gulf that will be featured on WHOI’s Dive and Discover website. After that, the sub will return to WHOI to undergo a complete upgrade. (Photo panorama by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 28. The manned submersible Alvin (left) made headlines during its December 2010 Dive and Discover mission in the Gulf of Mexico, but the autonomous underwater vehicle Sentry (right) is what had the scientific community buzzing. Sentry provided scientists with thousands of detailed images and maps that helped guide Alvin pilots to the best dive sites. Renowned oceanographer Sylvia Earle, aboard R/V Atlantis to witness Alvin's final dive before its upgrade, said of the partnership: "The complementary capabilities of the manned and unmanned systems came into clear focus—not either/or, but each doing what each does best for results that neither could accomplish alone." (Photo by Ken Kostel, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 29. In 2011 the Human Occupied Vehicle (HOV) Alvin will receive a major upgrade, including a new titanium personnel sphere. This full scale mock-up of the new sphere will help engineers their deisgn. Here, project manager Kurt Uetz (left), Chief Scientist for Deep Submergence Chris German (right), and other project participants examine the mock-up in Iselin high bay. The improvements to Alvin will include better fields of view for pilots and observers; improved illumination and imaging systems; better data collection, logging, and interface capability; and an increased payload for Alvin to carry samples and equipment. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 30. In April 2010, the deep submersible Alvin (shown here with its support ship, R/V Atlantis in the background) carried out a month-long expedition to to the Galapagos Spreading Center in the Pacific Ocean to study the size, speed, and length of eruptions at a mid-ocean ridge with an intermediate spreading rate. Follow along on WHOI's Dive and Discover website with Alvin's next expedition to the Gulf of Mexico, where scientists will investigate the impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on deep-sea animals and ecosystems. (Photo by Mark Spear, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 31. One of two new hemispheres for the research sub Alvin cools at Wisconsin-based forge, Ladish, in June 2008. Once forged, the hemispheres, which began as 35,000 pounds of titanium ingots, were welded together using an electron beam to form a personnel sphere for the sub. In 2011, the brand-new sphere will be installed as part of an upgrade to Alvin that will also include new flotation, a new command and control system, and improved imaging systems. When improved battery technology becomes available, new batteries will be added to allow the submersible to reach depths of 6500 meters, giving scientists upclose and personal access to 98% of the sea floor. (Photo courtesy of Advanced Imaging & Visualization Laboratory, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 32. Whenever possible, the Jason Group at WHOI schedules maintenance of the hard-working remotely operated vehicle. Here, WHOI contractor Scott Hansen works on the vehicle's thruster motors. ROV Jason recently completed Dive 538, searching for deep water coral communities deep in the Gulf of Mexico. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 33. In May 2010 R/V Knorr sailed off the coast of Brazil near the mouth of the Amazon River, so that scientists could study how the river’s plume of nutrient-laden fresh water affects the ocean ecosystem. Knorr’s bosun Peter Liarikos (center) helped researchers Troy Gunderson (left, University of Southern California), and Joaquim Goes (Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences) launch an APEX profiling float to measure ocean conditions and chlorophyll. On the cruise, WHOI researcher Ellen Roosen also sampled ocean-bottom sediments with a device known as a multi-corer. (Photo by Ellen Roosen, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | | 34. The research vessel Tioga returns home to Woods Hole in September 2010 after a day of research in Buzzards Bay. Scientists on the vessel spent the day collecting shallow coastal sediment with a multicorer—an oceanographic instrument that drives cylindrical tubes into the seafloor to take multiple samples at one time. The samples will be analyzed for pore water—fluid filling the spaces between grains of sediment—and Neodymium (Nd), a trace element that provides a chemical "fingerprint" in the water and on solid particles that scientists use to trace past circulation and sedimentation in the ocean. (Photo by Tom Kleindinst, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) | Last updated: June 8, 2011 |