surface fluxes (bulk)

Surface Buoys

surface fluxes (direct covariance)

Surface Buoys

CO2 flux

Surface Buoys

pCO2 water

Surface moorings, surface-piercing profilers, Benthic nodes

surface wave spectra

Surface Buoys

temperature and conductivity

Seabird 16, 37

Moorings, Benthic nodes

Seabird 52MP

Surface-piercing profilers, wire-following profilers

Seabird 41CP

Gliders

Seabird 49

AUVs

high-precision pressure

Surface-piercing profilers, wire-following profilers

Benthic nodes

Gliders

AUVs

mean currents

Moorings

Moorings, Benthic Nodes, AUVs, Gliders

three axis velocities

Buoys, surface-piercing and wire-following profilers, Benthic nodes

dissolved oxygen

Moorings, Benthic nodes, Gliders, AUVs

Surface-piercing and Moored profilers

pH

Moorings, surface-piercing and wire-following  profilers, Benthic nodes

optical attenuation
and absorption

Moorings, surface-piercing profilers, Benthic nodes

Chl-a and CDOM fluorescence, optical backscatter

Moorings, surface-piercing and wire-following  profilers, Gliders

Surface-piercing and wire-following profilers, Gliders, AUVs

photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)

Surface-piercing and wire-following  profilers, Gliders, AUVs

spectral irradiance

Moorings, surface-piercing profilers

nitrate

Moorings, surface-piercing profilers

nutrients (NO2,NO3,PO4,SiO4)

AUVs

bio-acoustic sonar

Benthic nodes, moorings

digital still camera

Benthic nodes

hydrophone, passive

Benthic nodes