Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
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Data from ME0005A-43JC (filled symbols) and ODP Site 1242 (unfilled symbols). Ages reported in calendar ky before present. AMS 14C dates for ME0005A-43JC are indicated by filled circles on age axis with 2-sigma error bars. A. δ18Oc for G. ruber (white) and N. dutertrei. B. δ18Oc difference between G. ruber and N. dutertrei, indicating upper ocean contrast above the pycnocline. C. Mg/Ca-based temperature for G. ruber. Mg/Ca was converted to temperature using Mg/Ca = 0.38Exp(0.090T) [Anand et al., 2003]. Modern annual average surface temperature [World Ocean Atlas, 1998] is indicated on the y-axis. D. δ18Osw estimates calculated from G. ruber Mg/Ca and δ18Oc [Bemis et al., 1998; Thunell et al., 1999] and corrected for ice volume changes [Clark and Mix, 2002; Waelbroeck et al., 2002]. The potential range of δ18Osw uncertainty associated with ice volume change is indicated by two curves. The solid curve indicates a scaling of 0.01? m-1 while the dashed curve indicates a scaling of 0.0075? m-1 decrease in relative sea level (RSL). The resulting range of uncertainty in the corrected δ18Osw is indicated by the corresponding solid and dashed smoothed δ18Osw records. The modern measured δ18Osw [World Ocean Atlas, 1998] is indicated on the y-axis. For the combined records of the two sites a Gaussian smoothing function (time step = 0.2 ky; filter width = 0.8 ky) was applied.
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