Tutorial on Fortran 90

Technical Information, Version 2.2

• Introduction
• Web-browsers
  • Web-browsers at local use
  • NCSA Mosaic 2.0 for Microsoft Windows 3.1
  • NCSA Mosaic 2.1 for Microsoft Windows 3.1
  • Netscape Navigator 2.0 for Microsoft Windows 3.1
  • Netscape Navigator 2.0 for the Russian version of Microsoft Windows 95
  • Microsoft Internet Explorer for Microsoft Windows 3.1
  • Netscape Navigator Gold
  • IBM Web Explorer using OS/2 Warp 3
• New and revised routines
  • Changes from 2.0 to 2.1
  • Changes from 2.1 to 2.2
  • Changes from 2.2 to 2.3
  • Changes from 2.4
• Installation
  • From a compressed ZIP-file
  • From a compressed tar-file
• Updates

Bo Einarsson

National Supercomputer Centre

Linköping university

SE-581 83  LINKÖPING

SWEDEN

Tel + 46 13 281432

Fax + 46 13 282535

Email boein@nsc.liu.se

INTRODUCTION

This version of the tutorial on Fortran 90 can be used on UNIX, Windows 3.1, Windows 95, and Apple Macintosh. It has only relative links for all files which are direct part of the tutorial, and uses absolute links only for external Web-pages.

The reason is that it should be possible to use the book without any telephone or network connection.

Web-readers at local use

When I wish to use the system locally I just disconnect the electric power to my external modem. If I am already running Web on the net, I close the connection with closing the supervising program, usually trumpet.

Files in HTML on PC under MS-DOS are supposed to end with .htm, but most Web-browsers also permit call of files using the usual UNIX-extension .html. The addresses have therefore not been changed from the previous UNIX version in this respect.

Since we use a few short program examples and data files in the package we recommend the user to put the following file extensions: .dat .f .f90 .p .txt (and no extension) to be displayed as text in the Web-browser.

NCSA Mosaic 2.0 for Microsoft Windows 3.1

The system has a few differences compared with on a UNIX-system:

1. It is more critical with respect to national characters given with for example ä for ä. The semicolon is now compulsory. This is of course no major problem with this English version.
2. I have not found any satisfactory solution on how to write a typewriter or teletype or Courier font for the Fortran-words in the text. The default setting <tt> gives italic instead of courier.

   For a complete paragraph, however, it works fine with <pre>.

   I recommend the following setting of the fonts:

   1. Go into Options
   2. Select Preferences
   3. Select Fonts
   4. Double click on Defaults
   5. Double click on Teletype Font (at the bottom)
   6. Click on Change
   7. Select Times New Roman, Normal and the same size as for normal text (for example 12) and select Color, for example Dark Red.
   8. Confirm
   The reason for chosing another color (than the usual black) is that I found another problem with <tt> in Mosaic, a blank character after courier just disappears, if I do not violate the HTML-language by writing the following blank character within the teletype code in which case it looks fine. In the English version I have tried to do this everywhere. Where I have missed the color will help!

   To switch color improves the readability, but it is not very beautiful.

   If you chose the font Courier New, which is a nice teletype font, some lines will be messed up, some words will be overwritten.

   All suggestions for a better solution are welcome. One good solution is to use Netscape!

NCSA Mosaic 2.1 for Microsoft Windows 3.1

The reason for this problem is probably that the revised Mosaic tests for World Wide connection, before starting.

With the modem turned on, the revised Mosaic works well.

A work-around is available. Add the following two lines to the windows\system.ini file:

[DEBUG]

OUTPUTTO=NUL

An additional problem is that the system crashes (has to be rebooted) if you, while without a network connection, click on an external link.

All these problems also apply to NCSA Mosaic 2.1.1. The problem with having to reboot after an attempt to connect to an external link in local mode has however been solved. If you wait for a while you will get the error message "HTAccess: Error accessing". If you then click on OK you can proceeed.

Netscape Navigator 2.0 for Microsoft Windows 3.1

The teletype font works fine. Everything works fine also on UNIX.

Netscape Navigator 2.0 for the Russian version of Microsoft Windows 95

There is a problem with the Swedish characters, which appear as Russian characters, because the wrong fonts are being used. This is not a major problem with the English version of the tutorial.

The blank character after & in columns 3 and 4 is put there in order to prevent Mosaic from converting into Swedish characters as in column 1.

Swedish characters	Description	Code	Name
Å	A with 1 circle	& #197	& Aring;
Ä	A with 2 dots	& #196	& Auml;
Ö	O with 2 dots	& #214	& Ouml;
å	a with 1 circle	& #229	& aring;
ä	a with 2 dots	& #228	& auml;
ö	o with 2 dots	& #246	& ouml;

Other characters	Description	Code	Name	Usage
É	E with accent	& #201	& Eacute;	French character
Ü	U with 2 dots	& #220	& Uuml;	German character
Ø	O with slash	& #216	& Oslash;	Danish character
é	e with accent	& #233	& eacute;	French character
ü	u with 2 dots	& #252	& uuml;	German character
©	C in a circle	& #169	& copy;	Copyright

Microsoft Internet Explorer for Microsoft Windows 3.1

Netscape Navigator Gold

IBM Web Explorer using OS/2 Warp 3

New and revised routines

• Changes from 2.0 to 2.1
• Changes from 2.1 to 2.2
• Changes from 2.2 to 2.3
• Changes from 2.3

This is a list of all new and revised routines from that version 2.0 was distributed.

alpha.html	1996-03-09	New (Digital UNIX)

a4.html		1996-03-30	Minor update

epsilon.f90	1996-03-09	New

random.f90	1996-03-23	New

sum.f90		1996-03-09	New



parasoft.html	Removed

parasoft.txt	Removed

This is a list of all new and revised routines from that version 2.1 was distributed.

asa.html   	1997-09-12	Minor update

a10.html	1997-01-31	Minor update

a12.html	1997-09-19	New

a13.html	1997-09-19	New

c5.html		1997-02-03	Minor update

c15.html	1997-04-08	Minor update

bo.html		1996-06-06	Minor update

index.html	1996-08-12	New (extra start page)

preface.html	1997-09-19	Minor update

yurij.html	1996-09-11	Minor update





makefile	1997-06-26	Minor revision

tpk90.f		New		TPK procedure in Fortran 90

intv.f90	New		interval.f90

intv_ari.f90	New		interval_arithmetics.f90



authors.gif	New		The authors

ecfin32.gif	New		LookSmart

flag_sve.gif	New		Swedish flag of the same size 

				as the British and the Russian.

This is a list of all new and revised routines from that version 2.2 was distributed.

a2.html		1999-08-17	Minor correction

a3.html		1998-04-17	Minor correction

a7.html		1997-01-08	Minor update 

a8.html		1998-09-10	Minor update

a9.html		1999-04-06	Minor update

answers.html	1998-08-24	Minor update

c1.html		1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c2.html		1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c3.html		1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c4.html		1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c6.html		1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c7.html		1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c8.html		1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c9.html		1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c10.html	1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c11.html	1999-04-06	Minor spelling corrections

c12.html	1998-09-07	Minor update

f95.html	1998-09-11	Minor update

intro.html	1998-03-09	Minor update

references.html	1999-07-19	Minor update

tpkf.F		1997-09-26	TPK procedure in F

				(New extension .F)

readme.txt	1999-08-24

This is a list of all new and revised routines from that version 2.3 was distributed.

a5.html		1999-11-25	Minor correction

a6.html		2000-06-27	Minor update

a11.html	2000-06-28	Minor update

absoft.html	2000-06-27	Minor update

cray.html	2000-06-27	Minor update

digital.html	2000-06-27	Minor update

f77to90.html	2000-06-27	Minor update

nag.html	2000-07-06	Minor update

nas.html	2000-06-27	Minor update

pacific.html    2000-06-27	Minor update

sgi.html        2000-06-29	New

sun.html	2000-06-27	Minor update



lab2_e.f90		        New		



pc_e.html	2000-07-06

Installation

Main page, with links to all other pages is f77to90.html. Pictures are in the subdirectory gifs and source code in the subdirectory code. The chapters are c(digit).html and the appendices are a(digit).html. All other document names are self explanatory which includes external links to other Fortran documents.

• From a compressed ZIP-file
• From a compressed tar-file
• Updates

From a compressed ZIP-file

On your computer you put the file f77to90.zip on the directory where you wish the subdirectory f77to90 to be created. There you give the command pkunzip -d f77to90.zip on MS-DOS and unzip f77to90.zip on UNIX. You then get the files installed on one directory with the HTML-files, one subdirectory gifs with pictures and one subdirectory code with the source code.

Under Windows 95 you have to use the program WinZip for Windows 95 in order to manage the long filenames. On Macintosh you unpack with the program Zipit, with the alternative "conversion to PC-files" switched off.

You can now also obtain the tutorial as a self-extracting file under Windows 95 using anonymous ftp from the computer ftp.nsc.liu.se on the file pub/bibliotek/f77to90.exe.

From a compressed tar-file

If you have received the file on an MS-DOS diskette from me I name the file F7TO9TAR.Z. On your computer you put this file (with the new name f77to90.tar.Z) on the directory where you wish the subdirectory f77to90 to be created. There you give the commands uncompress f77to90.tar.Z followed with tar xvf f77to90.tar on UNIX. You then get the files installed on one directory with the HTML-files, one subdirectory gifs with pictures and one subdirectory code with the source code.

Updates